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History of Famagusta
History of Famagusta in North Cyprus
Famagusta's rise to prominence began in 1291 when the merchants of Acre fled to Cyprus after the fall of their city had brought the last Crusade to an end. During the following years the prosperity of the city became fabled throughout Europe. It was in Famagusta's Cathedral of St Nicholas that the Lusignan kings were crowned as Kings of Jerusalem until 1372, when the continuing rivalry between Genoese and Venetians flared into open fighting as a result of a quarrel over precedence at Peter IPs coronation.
When the Venetians took over the island in 1489, the abdication ceremony of Caterina Cornaro having been carried out in St Nicholas Cathedral, Famagusta was converted into the fortified city that can be seen today. As a result, in 1570 the city was able to hold out for five months against the Turks and only surrendered on honourable terms, which were, however, subsequently broken. The present desolation of the Old City is largely the result of the fierce fighting that took place at that time, augmented by earthquake and later by the removal of building material for the construction of the Suez Canal.
